Which disease is generally the result of unfavorable growing conditions such as temperature or moisture extremes soil compaction pesticide or fertilizer excess etc.?

• A. Infectious Disease
• B. Noninfectious Disease
• C. Bacterial Disease
• D. Viral Disease

Answer: (B)

Noninfectious disease is the type you get when a plant is stressed by its environment rather than attacked by a living pathogen. When growing conditions are unfavorable—extreme temperatures, moisture swings, soil compaction, or chemical injury from too much pesticide or fertilizer—the plant’s normal physiology is disrupted and symptoms appear, but there’s no infectious agent involved. Infectious diseases come from living pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, or viruses and can spread from plant to plant; bacterial and viral diseases are specific examples of those infectious diseases. So the scenario described fits noninfectious disease because it results from abiotic stress, not a pathogen.